S. Skogestad, ``Self-optimizing control: A distillation case study'', Proc. IFAC-symposium Adchem'2000, Pisa, Italy, 14-16 June 2000, pp. 1013-1018.

Abstract.
The following important question is frequently overlooked: Which variables should we control? The answer is related to finding a simple and robust way of implementing the optimal operating strategy. It is argued that the controlled variables should be those that that give self-optimizing control, which is when acceptable operation is achieved with constant setpoints for the controlled variables. The idea is applied to propane-propylene distillation case study.