The process of the reaction of carbon molecules in the dark reaction of photosynthesis was chosen as a BDA (Biosystem-Derived Algorithm). In this study, the BDA was referred to as the Photosynthetic Algorithm (PA). The PA utilizes the rules governing the conversion of carbon molecules from one substance to another in the Benson-Calvin cycle and Photorespiration reactions. In this paper, the principles of the PA are presented in detail. The N Queen’s problem was selected as a typical optimization problem to demonstrate the performance of the PA.