Kapil V. Deshpande, Eric Jayjock, Frank Romanski, and Fernando J. Muzzio. Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, 98 Brett Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854
Delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs has been steadily moving toward developing stabilized particles of submicron size for improving uptake within the body. Due to the larger surface area of the smaller particles, stabilization using non-ionic surfactants is often impractical since a higher concentration is needed to provide full surface coverage. Instead, using biocompatible polymers that double as excipients has been suggested for stabilizing drug particle suspensions. This method raises many fundamental questions regarding the properties of polymer-drug suspensions. This work focuses on the effects of the interaction between the polymeric stabilizers and the poorly water-soluble drugs on the rheological properties of the system. We look at gel solutions of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and sodium alginate in concentrations up to 10% by weight in water. The drug we are using is griseofulvin at concentrations up to 5% by weight. For this work, griseofulvin has been selected as the model drug since it is a BCS Class II, meaning that it has a low solubility and a high permeability through the intestinal cell layer. Suspensions with the different combinations of polymer and particle concentrations are tested for their rheological properties. In particular, we look at shear behavior and viscoelastic effects for evidence of changing polymer drug interactions by altering the respective concentrations. Temperature effects are also important and studied in detail. Particular interest is in determining the effect of the different concentrations on gelation temperature. This is done in conjunction with size analysis of the particles to determine the particle stability. This study can be used to determine the transition point for possible stabilization mechanisms. The possible interactions that can occur are polymer strands wrapping around the particles, a polymer matrix locking in the particles, and polymer and particles floating in suspension. With increasing polymer concentration it is expected that the interaction mechanism would be the particles locked into a matrix. From the rheological tests, we have constructed an envelope defined by a temperature, polymer concentration, and drug concentration range which is optimized for processing of these drug suspensions for film casting, gel capsule formation, etc.